Antimetabolites are medications that interfere with the normal metabolic processes of cells, particularly DNA and RNA synthesis. In ophthalmology, they are often used as adjuncts during glaucoma surgeries such as trabeculectomy to prevent excessive scarring at the surgical site, which can compromise the success of the procedure. Commonly used antimetabolites include Mitomycin-C (MMC) and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). These agents work by inhibiting fibroblast proliferation, thereby maintaining the filtration pathway for aqueous humor and improving long-term intraocular pressure control. Their application is typically localized and controlled to minimize systemic absorption and side effects.

• Definition: Drugs that block cell growth by interfering with DNA/RNA synthesis.
• Common Agents: Mitomycin-C (MMC), 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU).
• Mechanism: Inhibits fibroblast proliferation and wound healing at the surgical site.
• Application Method: Applied with soaked sponges or injected during/after surgery.
• Postoperative Care: Careful monitoring to balance healing and surgical success.